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Colonialism in Chronology - chapter V.
6b. Holocaust and terrorism 1600-1820
by Michael Palomino (1999 / 2003 / 2005 / 2014)
translated in 2014
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Literature
Preface
Michael Palomino
1999 / October 2003 / April 2005 / July 2014
***
Chronology / time line
Chronologie 1600-1820
1600
ab1600 ca.
Gold- und Silberraub und -handel weltweit um 1600
Gold- und Silberraub und -handel weltweit um 1600 (Skizze von Michael Palomino)
Silber kommt gratis aus Mexiko und Süd-"Amerika", und fliesst an die "Philippinen" und nach China, oder nach Spanien / Portugal und von dort nach Indien. Aus Südost-Afrika fliesst Gold quasi gratis ebenfalls nach Indien, ebenso von Ägypten Gold und Silber nach Indien, von Persien Gold und Silber nach Indien, und von China Gold nach Indien. Von Indien fliesst Silber an die Molukken und nach China. Von Japan fliesst Silber nach China, und von China nach Japan fliesst Gold.
Peru: Potosí: Spannungen in der spanischen Bevölkerung
Die spanisch-stämmige Bevölkerung in Potosí beginnt sich zu spalten. Der wirtschaftliche Erfolg von Basken und ihren Nachfahren lässt den Neid anderer Gruppen, ethnischer Spanier und deren in "Amerika" geborenen Söhnen ("criollos") wachsen.
(http://illimani.umsanet.edu.bo/misc/bolivia/III1351.HTM#iii13515)
November 1601
"Philippines": North Luzon: murder of a pastor - "Christian" mass murder as a revenge
In North Luzon live the Igorot natives. They don't want to give up their old gods.
(http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Igorot_Revolt)
The word of "Igorot" means in Tagalog language "mountain people". The Igorot tribes are split into Bontoc - Ibaloi - Ifugao - Isnag - Kalinga and Kankanaey. Racist Spaniards are playing with this name just how they want also writing it like Igolot, Ygolot, or Igorrote. In the southern half of the tribal territory rice terraces are dominating.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igorot_people)
Karte mit der Insel Luzon mit den Provinzen der Igorot-Ureinwohner
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifugao
Reisterrassen der Igorot an einem Steilhang in Banaue in Ifugao
http://www.philippinen-life.de/banaue.php
Igorots in Banaue in Ifugao mit Tracht
http://www.philippinen-life.de/banaue.php
Igorots, Hochzeitstanz
http://igorotwedding.blogspot.de/p/wedding-rituals.html
Igorot-Krieger in Ifuago, Nord-Luzon, 1910er Jahre - Bontoc-Igorots mit Gong - Ifuago-Igorot-Mädchen - Karte mit den Philippinen und den Igoros und Moros
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/869942434/katutubong-filipino-project-vanishing-indigenous-c/posts?page=3
Karte mit den Philippinen und den Igoros und Moros
http://nointervention.com/archive/pubs/CWIS/imnr.html
Die Igorots von Nordluzon rebellieren und widersetzen sich der "Christianisierung". Der Augustiner-Priester Esteban Marin versucht, sie zu überreden, sich Spanien und dem Katholizismus zu unterwerfen. Die Igorots töten den Priester. Daraufhin schlagen die Spanier die Igorots vernichtend.
(Internet: M.Payer: Chronik zur Geschichte der Philippinen)
With more details:
The Igorot rebellion of 1601
The racist "Christian" Spaniards are trying with propaganda to subjugate all natives to Catholicism submitting them to the Spanish Emperor. The Igorots are not fighting at all but just don't want to give up their own gods. Racist Spanish Governor General Francisco de Tello de Guzman is sending a Spanish army then to the Cordillera region under Captain Mateo de Aranda and with the priest (Fraire) Esteban Marin. But the manipulation with a book, a cross and with an Emperor is failing, even when Marin is allegedly learning the Tagalog language. Igorots are only more furious and at the end this manipulator and priest Marin is murdered. Captain Mateo de Aranda is taking a cruel "Christian" revenge
-- burning down Igorot villages
-- executing many Igorots
-- but the Igorots never change to racist "Christianity" but are going on with their gods of pre-Spanish period.
(http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Igorot_Revolt)
1601-1901
"Philippinen": Die Igorots entwickeln eine eigene Berg-Identität gegen die kriminellen Spanier
Den rassistisch-"christlichen" Spaniern ("kriminelle Ausländer!") gelingt es in den nächsten 300 Jahren nie, die Bergbevölkerung zu beherrschen und politisch oder kulturell zu manipulieren. Sondern es bildet sich bei der Urbevölkerung eine Identität als "Bergvolk" heraus - "Igorot", im Gegensatz zu den "christlichen" Rassisten, die im Tiefland lebten.
(Joseph E. Fallon: Igorot and Moro National Reemergence: http://nointervention.com/archive/pubs/CWIS/imnr.html)
1602 (-1603)
N-"Amerika": Spanische "Erforschung" der Westküste
Die Expedition unter Sebastian Vizcaino erforscht die kalifornische Küste über die Bay des späteren San Francisco hinaus.
->>Vizcaino schlägt Monterey als Stützpunkt vor
->> aber es bleibt bei der "Missionsarbeit" (Reinhard II., S.55).
Karte der Expeditionen von Sebastian Viczaino, am Ende bis zur Bucht von San Francisco, Monterey etc.
(History 383 - Dr. Gayle Olson-Raymer: http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist383/Discovery.html)
Sebastian Viczaino, Portrait
http://lincolnroom10.pbworks.com/w/page/17439964/Vizcaino
Die Details der spanischen Expedition von Vizcaino zeugen von Ehrgeiz und den Lügen, ein auch im Winter warmes Land entdeckt zu haben:
<1602 - Sebastian Vizcaino sailed up the coast of Alta California. His mission was to further explore and map the coast and find at least two good ports that the Spanish fleets could use for sanctuary from English pirates and to reaffirm Spanish dominance in the area. After 60 days at sea, they sailed into the harbor they named San Diego in honor of the Spanish feast San Diego de Alcala. After landing, they celebrated the first Catholic mass in the new worlThey left San Diego on November 20, landed on Santa Catalina Island, passed through the Santa Barbara channel, and continued until they reached a prominent point which they named Point Concepcion for the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. Vizcaino's expedition continued northward until they entered a harbor that they named Monterey in honor of the expedition's sponsor, the Count of Monte Rey. After a few days, a group of 12 men left the encampment and headed southeast where they found Carmel Bay and the Carmel River.
The ships left Monterey on January 7, 1603 and sailed northward until they reached Drake's Bay where a storm separated them. The ship captained by Vizcaino reached Cape Mendocino but the ship immediately returned to Mexico because only six men were able to work due to scurvy. The other ship found safe anchorage behind Cape Mendocino during a storm and may have subsequently sailed as far as the Oregon border.
Vizcaino's expedition resulted in some well detailed maps of the coast, and he identified potential ports for Spain to develop. Despite strict orders to the contrary, Vizcaino also re-named many of the locations that Cabrillo had discovered. Many of these names are the ones used today. His enthusiasm and desire to attract attention to his expedition's accomplishments, to promote settlements, and to convert the Indians he encountered caused Vizcaino to give glowing reports. He described a healthy population of well fed and friendly Indians gentle and docile. To entice colonists he described fertile land, a gentle, sunny harbor in Monterey, and, in spite of the cold weather they had endured, described a climate much like Spain's. Once again however, Spain was distracted and ignored the central California coast.>
(History 383 - Dr. Gayle Olson-Raymer: http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist383/Discovery.html)
Die spanischen Karten bleiben wohl zu dieser Zeit geheim. Bezeichnent ist, dass die zeitgenössischen Karten der damaligen Zeit gar keine Küstenlinie oberhalb der Halbinsel aufweisen, und Niederkalifornien wird noch 1641 als Insel dargestellt, wie das Beispiel von Jan Jansson aus Amsterdam zeigt ("America Septentrionalis"):
Karte von Nord-"Amerika" "America Septentrionalis" von Jn Jansson aus Amsterdam mit Niederkalifornien als grosse Insel - und die Grossaufnahme
http://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/14202/America_Septentrionalis/Jansson.html1603
"Philippinen": Manila: Chinesenaufstand gegen Spanier - das Manila-Massaker an den Chinesen
Ein Umsturzversuch der Chinesen wird niedergeschlagen. Ca. 23.000 Chinesen werden getötet.
(Internet: M.Payer: Chronik zur Geschichte der Philippinen)
Andere Quellen erwähnen für Manila 26.000 chinesische Todesopfer im Jahr 1603.
(Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila)
Das rassistisch-"christliche" Intramuros von Manila im 17. Jahrhundert, Ölmalerei auf einer Holztruhe von ca. 1640 bis 1650
Scheinbar waren hohe, chinesische Vertreter angekommen, die den Spaniern eine solche Angst eingehagt haben, dass diese nur noch mit einem Massenmord reagierten - ein sehr "christliches" Verhalten.
[Das heisst, es war gar kein chinesischer Aufstand, sondern nur eine Demonstration - und die Spanier haben dann sehr "christlich" reagiert - oder die Ming-Mandarine waren illegal auf den Philippinen oder sie haben sich nicht gemäss den Abmachungen für einen Besuch verhalten sondern anders].
<A.D. 1603 - Manila, Philippines
24,000 massacred by Spaniards when Ming Mandarins visited the islands sparking fears of Chinese dominance.>
(http://www.chinahistoryforum.com/topic/1393-massacre-and-slaughter-of-the-overseas-chinese/)
Hier sind mehr Details zu diesem Massaker: Die Mandarine wollten auf den Philippinen einen "Goldberg" suchen, und ein halbes Jahr danach kam es angeblich zu einem Aufstand der Chinesen, so dass die Spanier eine Massenmordaktion organisierten, zusammen mit Filipinos und Japanern:
<In the spring of 1603 [the tension between Spaniards and Chinese in Manila was increasing without control] when “three mandarins” arrived in Manila on a strange mission: to reconnoiter a "mountain of gold" abundant with trees that bore gold. This visit raised the suspicion of the Spaniards in the Philippines, already so accustomed to intermittent threats of conquest, particularly from the Japanese. They concluded that this was probably an advance party for a future invasion of Manila.
At that time, the Chinese in this city were almost 10 times the number of Spaniards. [Then was] the Sangley uprising, happened in autumn of that same year. The reasons for this uprising remain unclear. The motives range from the desire of the Chinese to dominate Manila, to their wanting to abort the Spaniards' moves that seemed to lead to their elimination. After initial uncertainty as to who would eventually win out, the rebellion was quelled by the Spaniards who, together with Filipino and Japanese troops, massacred some 20,000 Chinese.>
Und nach einigen Jahren durften Chinesen sich wieder ansiedeln [und alles ging von vorne los].
(from: José Eugenio Borao: The massacre of 1603: Chinese perception of the Spaniards in the Philippines; National Taiwan University;
http://de.scribd.com/doc/192596810/The-Massacre-of-1603-Chinese-Perception-of-the-Spaniards-in-the-Philippines)
Here is another similar summary - without indication of any reason for the revolt:
<In 1603 a Chinese revolt took place led by Juan Suntay, a wealthy Catholic Chinese. It was put down by joint Spanish and native forces led by Luis Pérez Dasmariñas. In the aftermath most of the 20,000 Chinese that composed the colony were killed.
The revolt took place right after a visit to Manila by three official Chinese representatives who disclosed they were searching for "a mountain of gold". This strange claim prompted the Spanish to conclude that there was an imminent invasion from China in the making. At the time the local Chinese outnumbered the Spaniards by twenty to one, and Spanish authorities feared that they would join the invading forces.
The Chinese afterward played down those events in an attempt to preserve their commercial interests. In 1605 a Fukien official issued a letter claiming that the Chinese who had participated in the revolt were unworthy of China's protection, describing them as "deserters of the tombs of their ancestors".>
And a Chinese governor is describing precise reasons: dominance by outnumbering, and relations: 20,000 to 2,800:Chinese ghetto "Parian" is destroyed
<Then we get to the 1603 incident.:
A.D. 1603 - Manila, Philippines
24,000 massacred by Spaniards when Ming Mandarins
visited the islands sparking fears of Chinese dominance.
This is called the Sangley (Spanish name for Chinese in the Philippines) Rebellion. It seems a group among the Chinese planned to overthrow the Spaniards since they thought the Spaniards might be deporting them. It then seems some Sangleys had tried to get Filipino natives to join in on overthrowing the Spaniards. These Filipino natives told the Spaniards. The Sangleys found out and moved up there plan to overthrow the Spaniards.
At this time there were around 20000 Chinese (many sources say 20000 not 24000) vs. 700 Spanish vecinos in and around Manila. Found out 1 vecino counts has 4 in a family. So that would be 2800 Spaniards. In the entire Philippines there were 8000 Spaniards (2000 vecinos) up to 1602. If not for the Japanese and Pampango Natives who fought on the Spaniards side, the Spaniards might have lost. There were 300 Japanese and 1500 Pampango. Only 1500 Chinese remained after this incident.
This is a report from a Spanish soldier that was involved:
http://www.filipinia.....e Philippines
More info: http://en.wikipedia....ngley_Rebellion
This is more information on the Rebellion. Scroll down when you get there to were it says "The first insurrection of the Chinese". It should be noted that after the revolt the Philippines economy suffered. The Spaniards also suffered severe shortages of many things and services which had been previously supplied by the Chinese.
http://en.wikipedia....Bravo_de_Acuña>(Haidao Provincial Governor (Cishi); Im Forum:
http://www.chinahistoryforum.com/topic/1393-massacre-and-slaughter-of-the-overseas-chinese/page-28)
<After the Sangley Revolt of 1603, the Spaniards destroyed and burned the Parian. After 30 years, the Chinese traders who were involved in the galleon trade built a new and bigger Parian.>
(http://scribblingblues.wordpress.com/2011/02/01/the-parian/)
During 17th century "Christian" violence by Spanish conquerers against Chinese is repeated regularly in Manila, so in 1639, in 1662, and in 1682.
(http://www.chinahistoryforum.com/topic/1393-massacre-and-slaughter-of-the-overseas-chinese/)
[Thus there is the question if there was one Chinese who had killed just one criminal racist "Christian" Spaniard...]
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